rotarod test panlab model le8205  (Panlab)

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Weisheng-tang protects against ischemic brain injury by modulating microglia activation through the P2Y12 receptor

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1347622

Figure Lengend Snippet: Neuroprotective effects of Weisheng-tang on ischemic stroke. (A) Experimental timeline of MCAO/R, Weisheng-tang treatment, and behavioral tests. Mice were orally administered Weisheng-tang (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg) once daily for 4 days and 1 h before MCAO/R, followed by the assessment of behavioral tests and measurement of the infarct volume 48 h after MCAO/R. (B) Representative images of brain slices sectioned coronally at 2 mm intervals and stained with 2% TTC, along with quantified analysis of (C) the infarct vloume and (D) edema. (E) Neurological severity score, (F) wire-grip test, and (G) rotarod test were performed to evaluate functional outcomes. N = 8 each. All data are presented as means ± SEM. Statistical significance was assessed using one-way ANOVA with the Tukey’s post hoc test. ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 vs. the vehicle group. Abbreviations: 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC), middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R).

Article Snippet: The rotarod test (Panlab S.L.U., Barcelona, Spain) evaluated the locomotor function based on the average latency until the mice fell off the spinning rod.

Techniques: Staining, Functional Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Weisheng-tang protects against ischemic brain injury by modulating microglia activation through the P2Y12 receptor

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1347622

Figure Lengend Snippet: Ticagrelor reversed the protective effects of Weisheng-tang on ischemic stroke. (A) Experimental timeline of MCAO/R, Weisheng-tang/ticagrelor treatment, and behavioral tests. Mice were orally administered 300 mg/kg of Weisheng-tang for 4 days and 1 h before MCAO/R and ticagrelor (P2Y12R inhibitor, 3 mg/kg dissolved in 1% carboxymethyl cellulose) 10 min, 16 h, and 24 h after MCAO/R. (B) Representative images of 2% TTC-stained brain 48 h after MCAO/R. Quantification of (C) infarct volume and (D) edema using 2% TTC-stained brain (N = 6–7 each). (E) Neurological severity Scores, (F) wire-grip test, and (G) rotarod test assessed functional outcomes (N = 6–7 each). All data are expressed as means ± SEM. Statistical significance was assessed using one-way ANOVA with the Tukey’s post hoc test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. the vehicle group, # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 vs. 300 mg/kg Weisheng-tang group. Abbreviations: Ticagrelor (Tica), 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC), and middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R).

Article Snippet: The rotarod test (Panlab S.L.U., Barcelona, Spain) evaluated the locomotor function based on the average latency until the mice fell off the spinning rod.

Techniques: Staining, Functional Assay

Journal: Antiviral Research

Article Title: Castanospermine reduces Zika virus infection-associated seizure by inhibiting both the viral load and inflammation in mouse models

doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104935

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of CST on seizure and brain inflammation. Ifnar1−/− were treated with CST 100 mg/kg twice daily starting at 24 h before and 24 after the infection with ZIKV on day 0 as explained in mouse-study-V. Mice were observed for seizure or seizure related activities. 3A: Mice with seizure 3B : Motor coordination is assessed by rotarod test. The time taken to fall from the rod on day (−1) is taken as 100% for each mouse. Percentage change in the time is calculated for subsequent testing day. 3C–3I: To check the effect of CST on inflammation of brain, the ifnar1−/− mice were treated and infected as explained in mouse-study-IV. RNA was extracted from the brain tissue, converted to cDNA, the relative expression levels of ZIKV-NS1 gene ( 3C ), Astrocyte marker GFAP ( 3D ), inflammation associated cytokines IL-1β ( 3E ), TNFα ( 3F ), IL-6 ( 3G ), IL-10 ( 3H ), inducible nitric oxide synthase iNOS1 ( 3I ). Statistical analysis is done by unpaired Student's t -test. p < 0.05 is considered as significant.

Article Snippet: During the mouse-study-V, rotarod testing was done using rotarod test equipment (Panlab, 76–0770, rod dia 1 inch, fall height 20 cm) as per published protocol ( ).

Techniques: Infection, Expressing, Marker

Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α regulates microglial functions affecting neuronal survival in the acute phase of ischemic stroke in mice

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.22851

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Blood flow to the brain of wild-type (WT) mice during sham (left) or MCAO (right) surgery, as monitored by Laser Doppler Flowmetry. (B) Infarct regions (white) in the WT brain at 24 hr after MCAO stained with triphenyl tetrazolium tetrachloride. (C) Immunostaining of the WT brain at the contralateral (Contra; left) or ipsilateral (Ipsi; right) side at 24 hr post-MCAO for Iba-1 (red) to stain for microglia or HIF-1α (green). (D) Open-field behavioral test measuring exploratory behavior of WT mice subjected to sham or MCAO, measured for 10 min. (E) Rotarod test of mice WT subjected to sham or MCAO measuring the speed of rotarod at which mice fall. Data in D and E are the mean ± s.e.m. (n ≥ 5 mice for each group). (F) Immunofluorescence staining of the brain of Rosa26-eYFP reporter mice crossbred with Cre-hS1008 mice for Iba-1 (red). Note that only those mice bearing Cre -transgene (hS100A8-Cre;Rosa26-eYFP, right) demonstrated YFP (yellow) signal. (G) Immunofluorescent images of the Rosa26-eYFP reporter mice bearing Cre -transgene as in F stained using NeuN antibodies (red) to detect neuronal cells. For C, F, and G, nuclei are counterstained with DAPI (blue) and the scale bars denote 100 μm. (H) Open-field and (I) rotarod tests for WT (n ≥ 4), Hif-1ɑ KO (n = 5; green bars), or Hif-2ɑ KO (n = 5; blue bars) mice challenged with MCAO. Data in H and I are the mean ± s.e.m. with * and ** indicate P < 0.05 and < 0.01, respectively, determined by Student’s t -test.

Article Snippet: Rotarod test (Panlab) was performed with the rod of 50 mm in the width and 30 mm in the diameter.

Techniques: Staining, Immunostaining, Immunofluorescence